https://wiki.plecko.hr/ 2026-04-24T20:01:04+00:00 https://wiki.plecko.hr/ https://wiki.plecko.hr/lib/tpl/bootstrap3/images/favicon.ico text/html 2023-11-02T10:04:30+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:amusing_commands&rev=1698915870&do=diff Amusing Linux commands * cowsay - Cow says text * sudo apt install cowsay * figlet - Draw banners * sudo apt install figlet * cmatrix - Matrix screensaver * sudo apt install cmatrix * rev - reverse text and files * aview - Convert inages to ascii art text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:apache_ssl&rev=1572509100&do=diff Setting up Apache HTTP Server with SSL support, self-signed certificate and virtual hosts on Ubuntu I needed to set up a server to host a secure helpdesk application. So, first i installed httpd (the Apache HTTP Server) and configured it to allow SSL connections. text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:certbot&rev=1572509100&do=diff Generate certbot certificate with no web server installed Requesting the certificate to mycustomservice.example.com * Login to the server whose IP resolves from mycustomservice.example.com * run sudo certbot certonly -d mycustomservice.com --standalone text/html 2024-11-21T14:09:59+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:change_zulip_users_email&rev=1732194599&do=diff Change Zulip users email address su zulip /home/zulip/deployments/current/manage.py shell from zerver.models import UserProfile user = UserProfile.objects.get(email="userNN@example.com") user.email = "correct-email@example.com" user.delivery_email = "correct-email@example.com" user.save() text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:cifs_part_fstab&rev=1572509100&do=diff Adding a partition and cifs share to fstab on Ubuntu Let's assume you already know how to create partitions on a Linux system. The partition does you no good, if you don't mount it. If you don't want to mount it by hand every time you log in Here is how to use fstab file to to automount it at boot time. text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:clamav&rev=1572509100&do=diff Installing Clam Antivirus on Ubuntu 14.04 Server Here is how you can install ClamAV on Ubuntu 14.04 server: root@server:~# apt-get install clamav clamav-daemon -y root@server:~# freshclam root@server:~# service clamav-freshclam start root@server:~# service clamav-daemon start text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:cli_usr_mgmt&rev=1572509100&do=diff Linux CLI User Management Add new user useradd username Add samba user (for existing system user) smbpasswd -a username Add new group Add existing user to existing secondary group usermod -a -G groupname username Add existing user to existing default group text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:cp_mv_progress_bar&rev=1572509100&do=diff Progresbar on cp and mv commands wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/coreutils/coreutils-8.21.tar.xz tar xvJf coreutils-8.21.tar.xz cd coreutils-8.21/ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/atdt/advcpmv/master/advcpmv-0.5-8.21.patch patch -p1 -i advcpmv-0.5-8.21.patch ./configure make text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:create_win_bootable_usb&rev=1572509100&do=diff Burn Windows ISO to USB DDing ISO images to USB doesn't always work as intended. For example, Hiren's Boot CD will not boot. Windows ISO will not boot. While Rufus works great on Windows, there is no Linux version. Fortunately, there is WoeUSB which can be found in WebUpd8 text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:empty_root_mail&rev=1572509100&do=diff Empty root user mailbox cat /dev/null > /var/spool/mail/root text/html 2025-10-15T09:05:23+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:expand_partition_and_filesystem&rev=1760511923&do=diff Expand partinion and filesystem using Growpart Resizing /dev/sdb1 to fill all disk space root@server# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 40G 0 disk └─sda1 8:1 0 40G 0 part / sdb 8:16 0 200G 0 disk └─sdb1 8:17 0 100G 0 part /mnt/data root@server# partprobe /dev/sdb root@server# lsblk # if this doesn't show newly available disk size, use the following command: root@server# echo 1 > /sys/class/block/sdb/device/rescan root@server# lsblk … text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:fix_viber.deb_package&rev=1572509100&do=diff Viber: Fix .deb package $ dpkg-deb -x viber.deb viber $ dpkg-deb --control viber.deb viber/DEBIAN # Edit viber/DEBIAN/control and repace "libcurl3" with "libcurl4" $ dpkg -b viber vibernew.deb $ sudo dpkg -i vibernew.deb text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:get_open_files&rev=1572509100&do=diff Find Open Files On A Linux System Sometimes within any OS, it's difficult to know when you have a file opened which needs to be managed in some way. There is nothing more annoying than trying to delete, cut or modify a file and get the error that the file is already open. Another possibility is trying to unmount a device and you get the error that the device is busy, which is usually due to an open file on the device. text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:improve_io_hyper-v&rev=1572509100&do=diff Improving Linux Disk I/O in Hyper-V One of the complaints typically heard about Hyper-V is that Linux performance is just not there. Here is a tip you can use that will improve your Linux VM performance by 20% to 30%. Linux kernel 2.6 and newer offer four different I/O elevators (four different algorithms to accommodate different workloads and provide optimal performance). text/html 2021-02-05T12:16:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:iscsi&rev=1612523760&do=diff Install and Configure iSCSI Ubuntu iSCSI, an acronym for Internet Small Computer System Interface, is a Storage Area Network protocol that is used by the organizations to facilitate online storage management. It relies on TCP/IP networks to send SCSI commands between the initiator (client) and the target (server) that provide block-level access to the storage devices which can either be LVM logical volumes, complete disks, files or partitions. text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:kill_remote_users&rev=1572509100&do=diff Kill remote SSH users > who mmrozek tty1 Aug 17 10:03 mmrozek pts/3 Aug 17 10:09 (:pts/2:S.0) > ps t PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 30737 pts/3 Ss 0:00 zsh > echo "HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA" | write mmrozek pts/3 > kill -9 30737 text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:ldapsearch&rev=1572509100&do=diff Query ldap from bash Use ldap-utils. ldapsearch -x -h 192.168.10.10 -D "user@example.com" -W -b "cn=users,dc=example,dc=com" -s sub "(cn=+)" cn mail sn text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:lvm&rev=1572509100&do=diff LVM * How to increase the size of LVM partition ? * Use the lvextend command (lvextend -L +100M /dev/<Name of the LVM Partition> , in this example we are extending the size by 100MB. * resize2fs /dev/<Name of the LVM Partition> * check the size of partition using ‘df -h’ command text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:motd_banner_bashrc&rev=1572509100&do=diff BASH pre login / post login banners and scripts Display message to local client - before login /etc/issue ********************************* * Ccompany ltd. * ********************************* * - Authorized access only! * * - Activity is recorded * ********************************* text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:normal_prompt&rev=1572509100&do=diff Normal terminal prompt Edit .bashrc and replace the PS1 variable with: NOW=$(date +%Y-%m-%d) PS1="\[\e[36m\][$NOW\[\e[m\]\[\e[36m\]@\[\e[m\]\[\e[36m\]\t]\[\e[m\] \[\e[32m\]\u\[\e[m\]@\[\e[32m\]\h\[\e[m\]:\[\e[31m\]\w\[\e[m\]\\$ " This will result with text/html 2021-04-02T11:01:04+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:partition_create&rev=1617354064&do=diff Create partition and assign uuid # create partition $ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb m w # make filesystem $ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 # generate uuid $ uuidgsudo en 5cf9e7ae-a4ba-4d2b-8146-da3a207fbab5 # assign uuid to partition $ sudo tune2fs /dev/sdb1 -U 5cf9e7ae-a4ba-4d2b-8146-da3a207fbab5 # check partitions ids $ blkid /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb1: UUID="5cf9e7ae-a4ba-4d2b-8146-da3a207fbab5" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="2c6a7a3a-01" # now, you can mount int in fstab /dev/disk/by-uuid/5cf9e7ae-a4ba-4d2b-8146-da3… text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:pgp_keys_cli&rev=1572509100&do=diff Working with PGP keys in linux terminal Import public key user@example:~$ gpg --import user.asc gpg: /home/user/.gnupg/trustdb.gpg: trustdb created gpg: key F8F693CC: public key "User <user@example.com>" imported gpg: Total number processed: 1 gpg: imported: 1 (RSA: 1) user@example:~$ text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:preserve_group_in_folder&rev=1572509100&do=diff Preserve linux group on directory $ chgrp Groupname DirectoryName # Change group of folder $ chmod g+s DirectoryName # Set group id of folder - this will preserve group of created files $ echo umask 0002 >> ~/.bashrc # Set default mask of created files (every user needs to do this one) # After next login, check umask $ umask # Display umask 0002 $ umask -S # display current value symbolically u=rwx,g=rwx,o=rx text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:private_pgp_keyserver&rev=1572509100&do=diff Private Keyserver on Ubuntu Installation and Configuration To set up a private PGP/GPG keyserver on Debian, install the sks Debian package: apt-get install sks Stop the sks daemon, just to be sure: service sks stop Unfortunately, the keyserver's internal database isn't set up automatically, so we have to trigger that manually. Note that although the sks command should not be executed as root, it is located in /usr/sbin instead of /usr/bin. This is a bit confusing, but switching to the debi… text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:rcconf&rev=1572509100&do=diff Rcconf Rcconf is runlevel configuration tool that can be run only via the terminal. To install it under Ubuntu, run this command: sudo apt-get install rcconf Start it now with this command: rcconf Use your keyboard direction keys, Spacebar, TAB key to switch on/off startup services text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:search_for_file_with_contents&rev=1572509100&do=diff Find file contain text on linux grep -rnw '/path/to/somewhere/' -e 'pattern' text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:send_udp_data&rev=1572509100&do=diff Send UDP packet on linux echo "This is my data" > /dev/udp/127.0.0.1/3000 text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:spamassasin&rev=1572509100&do=diff Installing Spamassassin on Ubuntu 14.04 Server Spamassassin is a free and open-source mail filter that is used to identify spam using a wide range of tests on mail headers and body. It's very easy to use Spamassassin to protect your mailbox from spammers. The best thing is that we can create rules by ourselves and manage it. Here is how you can install it on your Ubuntu 14.04 server text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:ssh_key_pairs&rev=1572509100&do=diff Using SSH keys to authenticate users Key-based authentication is the most secure of several modes of authentication usable with OpenSSH, such as plain password (the default with Ubuntu) and Kerberos tickets. Key-based authentication has several advantages over password authentication, for example the key values are significantly more difficult to brute-force, or guess than plain passwords, provided an ample key length. Other authentication methods are only used in very specific situations. text/html 2021-12-21T14:21:01+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:ssh_keys&rev=1640092861&do=diff Setup SSH public/private keys and disabling password login, allowing only scp for specific users and using chroot SSH (Secure Shell) can be set up with public/private key pairs so that you don’t have to type the password each time. Because SSH is the transport for other services such as SCP (secure copy), SFTP (secure file transfer), and other services (CVS – Concurrent Versions System, etc), this can be very convenient and save you a lot of typing. While SSH2 can use either DSA or RSA keys, SS… text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:start&rev=1572509100&do=diff Misc * Cron * Add vsftpd users to manage apache www folder on ubuntu * Adding a partition and cifs share to fstab on Ubuntu * Amusing Linux commands * BASH pre login / post login banners and scripts * Burn Windows ISO to USB * Change Zulip users email address * Create partition and assign uuid * Empty root user mailbox * Expand partinion and filesystem using Growpart * Find file contain text on linux * Find Open Files On A Linux System * Fixing HR keyboard mapping for xrdp * F… text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:time&rev=1572509100&do=diff Setup timezone and update time from NTP Having correct time on a server is very important. For example, you cannot join a Windows PC to a Domain if the time differs more than a few minutes (Five minutes if I'm not mistaking). To setup time zone and update time from internet on Ubuntu Server, do the following: text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:viber&rev=1572509100&do=diff Fixing Viber notification icon position on Ubuntu When I installed Viber on my Ubuntu 14.04 box, i noticed that the notification icon is in the upper-left corner. I wouldn't mind, but i couldn't close any maximized window. Here is how you fix this issue.Simply add run this in console text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:vim&rev=1572509100&do=diff Vim Resolving **/usr/bin/env: ‘node\r’: No such file or directory** * Open file in vim, and use command: :set ff=unix * Save file You should have unix line endings now Vim plugins installer (vim-plug) and LightLine status bar replacement text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:vsftpd&rev=1572509100&do=diff Add vsftpd users to manage apache www folder on ubuntu So, you have a web server and would like to modify the content via vsftpd. After you have installed vsftpd, modify /etc/vsftpd.conf: # Enable this to allow users to write files to their web folder write_enable=YES # To restrict users to specific web folders and block access to parent folders chroot_local_user=YES # You may want to enable passive mode if you have a firewall pasv_enable=YES pasv_min_port=65000 (example, set your own) pasv_m… text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:worst_server_setup_mistke&rev=1572509100&do=diff The Worst Server Setup Mistake You Can Make There’s one server setup mistake you can make that will screw you up for years to come. It’ll haunt your business, your developers and your server admins, and be hugely expensive to fix. It’s surprisingly easy to make. The mistake? text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:xrdp_hr_keymap&rev=1572509100&do=diff Fixing HR keyboard mapping for xrdp New solution After looking into this and trying to assemble information from several sources it starts to make sense. Here is what almost works for me. * Setting right keyboard in X This is done with “setxkbmap <language code> text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:xrdp_ubuntu_18.10&rev=1572509100&do=diff Setup xrdp as a Windows Terminal server (on Ubuntu 18.04 update) Source To install xRDP, simply open a Terminal console. In the Terminal console, Browse to the location where the script has been stored and then issue the one of the following command based your requirements text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:xrdp&rev=1572509100&do=diff Setup xrdp on Ubuntu as a Windows Terminal server alternative Quick tutorial for an XRDP installation on Ubuntu. Setting up remote GUI access has always been quite a pain. XRDP is lightweight and really easy to install for a remote administrative GUI text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:z_command&rev=1572509100&do=diff Z: quicker CD Download z.sh from <https://github.com/rupa/z> and place it in your home folder. Edit .bashrc and add . ~/path to z.sh to it. After next logon, cd around for a bit. You should now have a new file in your home folder .z, and you can now move around using the z command. text/html 2019-10-31T09:05:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.plecko.hr/doku.php?id=linux:misc:zulip&rev=1572509100&do=diff Zulip * Restart service - sudo su zulip -c '/home/zulip/deployments/current/scripts/restart-server' * Send test email - sudo su zulip -c '/home/zulip/deployments/current/manage.py send_test_email name@example.com' EXTERNAL_HOST = 'chat.example.com' ZULIP_ADMINISTRATOR = 'no-reply@example.com' EMAIL_HOST = '10.1.1.111' EMAIL_USE_TLS = False EMAIL_PORT = 25 ADD_TOKENS_TO_NOREPLY_ADDRESS = False NOREPLY_EMAIL_ADDRESS = 'no-reply@example.com'