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| — | linux:shell_commands:fdisk [2025/04/09 12:42] (current) – Update speed tplecko | ||
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| + | ====== Create partitions using CLI on linux ====== | ||
| + | First and foremost: | ||
| + | **!! WARNING !!** | ||
| + | |||
| + | These commands are EXAMPLES. DELETING partitions, MODIFYING and FORMATTING filesystems destroys data and/or may prevent your machine from booting. | ||
| + | |||
| + | To quickly set up a drive up as a single ext4 partition... | ||
| + | View detected devices of class " | ||
| + | <code shell> | ||
| + | View existing partition table(s) | ||
| + | <code shell> | ||
| + | Edit the partition table for my chosen device (in this case, " | ||
| + | <code shell> | ||
| + | Within FDISK, press: | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | d ...to delete the current partition | ||
| + | n ...to create a new partition | ||
| + | p ...to specify it as a PRIMARY partition | ||
| + | 1 ...to set it as the 1ST primary partition | ||
| + | w ...to write the changes. | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | Display the new partition table: | ||
| + | <code shell> | ||
| + | Format the new partition' | ||
| + | <code shell> | ||
| + | Create a new directory where the new drive will mount into: | ||
| + | <code shell> | ||
| + | mkdir /storage | ||
| + | mount /dev/sdx1 /storage | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | TUNING | ||
| + | Remove reserved blocks (i.e. set to 0%), since this drive is just for user data | ||
| + | <code shell> | ||
| + | Since server is on UPS, Set write-back so apps don't wait for actual disk writes | ||
| + | <code shell> | ||
| + | Mount at boot up using /etc/fstab and also set write-back policy | ||
| + | <code shell>vi / | ||
| + | Find (or add) the relevant line in fstab for your drive. Parameters in fstab are separated by white space, for example the drive described above might appear as: | ||
| + | <code shell>/ | ||
| + | * The first parameter identifies the partition (either by /dev/ or a long UUID); | ||
| + | * The second parameter is the path the partition will be mounted to; | ||
| + | * Third is the filesystem type; | ||
| + | * The fourth parameter contains the options; | ||
| + | * Fifth is the dump schedule for backups; and, | ||
| + | * The sixth parameter is pass-number (used to control fsck order). | ||
| + | Change the options (4th parameter) to: | ||
| + | <code shell> | ||
| + | Reboot to check that everything went well. | ||
| + | Remember these commands are destructive! Have backups and be careful! | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | <code bash Speedy> | ||
| + | su@fs:~$ lsblk | ||
| + | NAME | ||
| + | loop0 7:0 0 55.4M 1 loop / | ||
| + | loop1 7:1 0 55.4M 1 loop / | ||
| + | loop2 7:2 0 44.4M 1 loop / | ||
| + | loop3 7:3 0 91.9M 1 loop / | ||
| + | loop4 7:4 0 63.7M 1 loop / | ||
| + | loop5 7:5 0 44.5M 1 loop / | ||
| + | loop6 7:6 0 63.8M 1 loop / | ||
| + | loop7 7:7 0 91.9M 1 loop / | ||
| + | sda 8:0 0 | ||
| + | ├─sda1 | ||
| + | └─sda2 | ||
| + | sdb 8:16 | ||
| + | └─sdb1 | ||
| + | sdc 8:32 | ||
| + | └─sdc1 | ||
| + | sr0 | ||
| + | su@fs:~$ sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdc1 | ||
| + | |||
| + | $ fdisk /dev/sdc | ||
| + | n | ||
| + | w | ||
| + | |||
| + | su@fs:~$ mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdc1 | ||
| + | $ blkid | ||
| + | /dev/sda1: UUID=" | ||
| + | /dev/sda2: UUID=" | ||
| + | /dev/sdb1: UUID=" | ||
| + | /dev/loop0: TYPE=" | ||
| + | /dev/loop1: TYPE=" | ||
| + | /dev/loop2: TYPE=" | ||
| + | /dev/loop3: TYPE=" | ||
| + | /dev/loop4: TYPE=" | ||
| + | /dev/loop5: TYPE=" | ||
| + | /dev/loop6: TYPE=" | ||
| + | /dev/loop7: TYPE=" | ||
| + | /dev/sdc1: UUID=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | su@fs:~$ vim /etc/fstab | ||
| + | / | ||
| + | |||
| + | su@fs:~$ mount -a | ||
| + | </ | ||